From Risk to Resilience: Empowering Rural Pharmacists to Deliver Quality Primary Healthcare

Initial vocational education and training
Mostafezur Rahaman, ASTHA, Bangladesh03.11.2025
In Bangladesh, pharmacies are everywhere, on main roads, in markets, and in remote villages, but not all are safe. Many are run by individuals without formal training or a valid license. According to the Directorate General of Drug Administration (DGDA), while there are around 150,000 licensed medicine shops, nearly half of the outlets across the country operate without authorisation. Behind these counters, untrained sellers often provide medical advice, dispense antibiotics, and even offer treatments, well beyond their qualifications. This unregulated practice, though rooted in good intentions, can lead to mistreatment, wrong prescriptions, and growing antibiotic resistance.

Swisscontact’s ASTHA Project (Achieving Sustainability Towards Healthcare Access) is helping reverse this trend. On World Pharmacy Day 2025, (Link: https://www.fip.org/press-releases?press=item&press-item=205) as the global theme calls "Think Health, Think Pharmacist” – highlighting the importance of supporting pharmacists to strengthen health systems, Swisscontact has been creating examples on how empowering local health providers, especially those running pharmacies, can make a real difference. 

Swisscontact supports the Community Paramedic (CP) training programme, a nationally accredited two-year course designed and regulated by the Bangladesh Nursing and Midwifery Council (BNMC). Many of the trainees are local pharmacy owners or their family members. Through the programme, they learn medical basics, such as anatomy, pathology, pharmacology, and public health, as well as patient counselling and rational drug use. The training includes a six-month clinical attachment in hospitals or health facilities, where they gain hands-on experience under professional supervision. Most importantly, they learn their scope of practice: while they can assess patients and offer primary healthcare advice, they cannot prescribe antibiotics or manage complex conditions, ensuring patient safety and proper referral pathways. 

Take Otindro Natha Rai from Rangpur. After completing his Community Paramedic training at a Rangpur Community Paramedic Institute (RCPI), he worked alongside a close friend in his pharmacy business, learning the essentials of managing and operating a pharmacy. Later, Otindro returned to his community and opened his own pharmacy, combined with a CP outlet, in a local market. Drawing on both his training and hands-on experience, he now ensures that the medicines he stocks and suggests [as a community paramedic] are safe, effective, and from the best pharmaceutical companies. He provides primary healthcare services and guides patients toward the right treatment when needed.

"I’ve seen that many pharmacists in rural areas don’t always know which medicines are of good quality. Through my training, I learned about reliable pharmaceutical companies and how to ensure patients receive safe and effective medicines. I now guide my patients to use the right products, and the right way. They trust me more because they know I’m trained."
Otindro Natha Rai, Community Paramedic (Hajirhat, Rangpur)
Otindro Natha Rai stands in front of his pharmacy and CP outlet, where he ensures access to quality medicines and affordable primary healthcare for his community (Hajirhat, Rangpur).

Such changes are visible across Rangpur, Sylhet, Barisal and other regions where community paramedic programmes are operating. Pharmacies, once driven by guesswork, are becoming mini health access points, providing safe, affordable, and high-quality care closer to people’s homes. These trained CPs are bridging a crucial gap in the rural health system, offering early intervention and helping reduce pressure on overburdened government facilities. 

Armina Afroz, a registered Community Paramedic, runs her own pharmacy and healthcare outlet, offering quality primary healthcare services to her community (Shibganj, Bogura)

Beyond individual transformation, Swisscontact is also shaping national health policies. It works closely with the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoH&FW), BNMC, DGHS, DGFP and training institutes to modernise curricula, strengthen accreditation, and promote digital learning systems. The long-term vision is to upskill local pharmacists across Bangladesh, transforming them into competent, certified healthcare providers capable of delivering safe, affordable, and community-based primary healthcare. 

As Bangladesh moves toward Universal Health Coverage, the quality of first contact care matters more than ever. On World Pharmacy Day, we recognise that pharmacies should not simply be places to buy medications, but hubs where medicine meets professional care.  

By equipping local pharmacists and healthcare providers with the right knowledge, skills, and ethics, Swisscontact is helping Bangladesh move closer to a future where every pharmacy is a safe gateway to quality healthcare, not a risk, but a lifeline.

2023 - 2026
Bangladesh
Initial vocational education and training
High-quality healthcare services in rural areas
Achieving Sustainability Towards Healthcare Access (ASTHA) aims at contributing to the development and expansion of sustainable and high-quality healthcare at the community level by training young adults (50% women) from seven rural districts as skilled health workers. The ASTHA-project will improve the health and living conditions of the local...